PEMBENTUKAN SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUND MELALUI LEMBAGA MANAJEMEN INVESTASI DALAM RANGKA OPTIMALISASI INVESTASI ASING
Abstract
AbstrakInvestasi dapat memotivasi percepatan pembangunan suatu negara. Investasi asing bermanfaat bagi perekonomian suatu negara, baik ketika pemilik aset memiliki sebagian atau seluruh kendali atas aset tersebut, maupun ketika ruang lingkup investasi ditentukan oleh perjanjian internasional. Namun, sejumlah masalah menghambat investasi internasional di Indonesia. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, pemerintah dan parlemen telah menekankan politik hukum pembentukan undang-undang a quo yang berorientasi pada perbaikan iklim investasi di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah pembentukan Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) Indonesia dengan nama Lembaga Pengelola Investasi (LPI). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi kemauan politik pemerintah untuk menarik investasi asing melalui pemberlakuan UU No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang penciptaan lapangan kerja dan alasan penggunaan model SWF oleh Lembaga Pengelola Investasi (LPI). Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi pendekatan normatif hukum dan studi kasus komparatif. Pendekatan normatif hukum dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber literatur. Metode studi kasus komparatif digunakan untuk menganalisis pembentukan dan konseptualisasi SWF di India dan Rusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SWF memainkan peran penting dalam pembiayaan infrastruktur untuk proyek- proyek strategis nasional dan dapat memfasilitasi akses negara terhadap devisa. Selain itu, seperti halnya mekanisme nasional di India dan Rusia, sumber pendanaan institusional yang tepat berasal dari investor asing
Kata Kunci: Investasi Asing; Lembaga Pengelola Investasi; Sovereign Wealth Fund
Abstract
Investment may motivate a country's development to accelerate. Foreign investment benefits a country's economy whether the asset owner has partial or entire control over the asset or the scope of investment is determined by international agreements. However, a number of problems impede international investment in Indonesia. To address this, the government and parliament have emphasized the legal politics of forming a quo law- oriented towards improving the investment climate in Indonesia, one of which is the establishment of the Indonesian Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) under the name Investment Management Institution or Lembaga Pengelola Investasi (LPI). The purpose of this study is to explore the government's political will to attract foreign investment through the enactment of Law No. 11 of 2020 on job creation and the rationale for the use of the SWF model by Investment Management Institutions (IFIs). This research uses a combination of legal normative and comparative case study approaches. The legal normative approach is carried out by identifying literature sources. The comparative case study method is used to analyze the formation and conceptualization of SWFs in India and Russia. The results show that SWFs play an important role in infrastructure financing for national strategic projects and can facilitate the country's access to foreign exchange. Moreover, as with the national mechanisms in India and Russia, the appropriate source of institutional funding comes from foreign investors
Keywords: Foreign Investment; Investment Management Institution; Sovereign Wealth Fund.
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